If you’ve been feeling overwhelmed by emotions or stuck in patterns that hurt your relationships, there’s still hope. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a type of talk therapy designed for people who experience emotions very intensely. It was originally developed in the 1970s by psychologist Dr. Marsha Linehan and is based on principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). While CBT helps people understand how their thoughts influence feelings and behaviors, DBT therapy goes further by combining acceptance with change.
“Dialectical” means bringing together two opposite ideas. In DBT therapy, that balance is between accepting yourself as you are while also working to make meaningful changes in your life. This therapy is especially effective for people who struggle with emotional regulation, impulsive behaviors, or patterns that cause harm.
What is dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?
DBT is a compassionate, skills-based approach to healing created by psychologist Dr. Marsha Linehan. It’s a form of psychotherapy adapted from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and designed for people who experience emotions very intensely.
CBT focuses on identifying how thoughts affect feelings and behaviors, while DBT emphasizes acceptance of your current reality alongside efforts to change behaviors that are harmful or unhelpful. By combining acceptance and change, DBT gives you tools to manage emotional pain while still moving forward.
DBT has proven to be effective for treating and managing a wide range of mental health conditions, including:
- Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
- Self-harm
- Suicidal behavior
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Substance use disorder
- Eating disorders such as binge eating disorder and bulimia
- Depression
- Anxiety
What makes DBT effective across these conditions is its focus on teaching healthier ways to cope with overwhelming emotions. Instead of falling back on harmful or impulsive responses, DBT helps you learn practical skills to regulate emotions, tolerate distress, and build stronger relationships.
Using a blend of:
- Behavioral therapy (to help you change unhelpful habits)
- Mindfulness (to help you stay present and grounded)
- Emotion regulation strategies (so your feelings don’t control you)
DBT helps you move beyond patterns of crisis and into a more balanced and stable life.
What does DBT therapy treat?
Dialectical behavior therapy was first designed for people living with borderline personality disorder (BPD), but it has since been shown to help with a wide range of mental health concerns. Today, DBT is often used to support people who struggle with:
- Suicidal thoughts or attempts
- Ongoing depression
- Drug or alcohol misuse
- Eating-related concerns, including binge eating and bulimia
Not every person benefits from DBT therapy in the same way, but the therapy is often most effective when you are willing to practice the skills you learn outside of sessions, focus on your present and future goals, and participate in group-based learning alongside individual work.
Some people appreciate the structure and shared support of group sessions, while others prefer the privacy of one-on-one therapy. The right approach depends on your comfort level and what is available in your area. A conversation with qualified mental health professionals can help you decide whether DBT is the right fit for your recovery.

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What you can expect from a DBT program
According to the National Health Interview Survey, about one in four adults report not always having the emotional support they need—especially those who live alone, manage disabilities, or are part of marginalized communities. DBT is built to close that gap, offering structured care that combines accountability with compassion.
Before beginning, most clients take part in a DBT pre-assessment. This step helps determine whether DBT is appropriate for your situation and introduces you to the commitment required. If it feels like the right fit, you and your clinician agree on a treatment plan and timeline. DBT often includes:
- Individual therapy. Weekly one-on-one sessions (40–60 minutes) where you work directly with a DBT-trained clinician. These sessions prioritize safety by reducing high-risk behaviors and then focus on identifying obstacles, setting goals, and applying new coping strategies.
- Group skills training. Structured, classroom-style sessions where you practice the four core DBT skill sets—mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness. Unlike open-ended group therapy, these sessions emphasize hands-on learning and skill application.
- Phone coaching. Brief, real-time support between sessions, available during agreed-upon hours. This helps you apply DBT skills in the moment, whether during a crisis or when you need guidance on handling difficult situations.
- Therapist consultation team. Regular collaboration among clinicians ensures your treatment stays consistent, evidence-based, and responsive to your needs.
Together, these elements create more than a set of appointments—they build a reliable framework of support. By engaging fully in the program, clients learn to manage emotional distress, develop healthier responses to triggers, and strengthen their relationships both inside and outside of therapy.
What are the benefits and risks of DBT therapy?
Research has shown that dialectical behavior therapy can make a meaningful difference for people living with intense emotions or conditions such as borderline personality disorder. Benefits may include:
- Reduced self-harming behaviors and suicidal thoughts
- Fewer days spent in inpatient hospitalization
- Decreased drug and alcohol misuse
- Improved mood and fewer depressive symptoms
- Greater ability to manage anger and stress
While DBT therapy is highly effective for many people, it isn’t always the right fit. Some individuals may find the program challenging, especially because it requires a strong commitment to therapy sessions, practicing skills outside of treatment, and sometimes participating in group settings.
DBT therapy may be more effective if you are:
- Ready to make positive changes and participate actively
- Willing to complete homework assignments and track progress
- Able to focus on your present and future rather than the past
- Comfortable practicing skills in both individual and group formats
Like any therapy, DBT therapy works best when you are motivated and consistent. Even when progress feels slow, building these skills can have a lasting impact on your emotional well-being and quality of life.
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How long will I need DBT therapy?
DBT therapy is not a quick process. Most people participate in DBT therapy for at least six months to a year, though treatment length varies depending on your needs and goals. Some conditions, such as borderline personality disorder, may require several years of ongoing therapy and practice to see the full benefit.
You shouldn’t expect to be entirely free of symptoms or challenges after a set period of time. Instead, DBT focuses on steady progress—reducing harmful behaviors, improving emotional regulation, and building a stronger quality of life over time.
It’s normal for recovery to feel gradual. The important thing is committing to the process and practicing the skills you learn both in and out of sessions. Even small changes, repeated consistently, can add up to major improvements in how you feel and how you respond to life’s stressors.
Supporting recovery from substance abuse with DBT services
If you’re facing challenges with substance use, dialectical behavior therapy can be a powerful part of your recovery journey. DBT therapy is especially helpful when substance abuse happens alongside emotional ups and downs or co-occurring conditions like bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder.
By integrating DBT skills into addiction treatment, you can:
- Manage cravings and impulses using distress tolerance techniques
- Build emotion regulation skills that help prevent relapse
- Rely on mindfulness strategies to stay grounded through difficult moments
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Is DBT right for you?
Many people come to DBT therapy after struggling with years of intense emotions, self-doubt, or therapy that didn’t go far enough. Maybe you’ve felt stuck. Maybe you’ve tried to make changes, but nothing seemed to last. Or maybe you’re just starting to reach out for help and wondering where to begin.
DBT was originally developed to help people move out of crisis and into a life worth living. Whether you’re a teen, young adult, or adult, this treatment gives you practical tools to manage emotions and find a sense of stability, even when life feels out of control.
Frequently asked questions
What is DBT therapy and how does it work?
DBT stands for dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), a structured form of psychotherapy originally developed to treat emotional dysregulation and self-destructive behaviors. The dialectical behavioral therapy definition centers on balancing acceptance and change. In practice, dialectical behavior therapy techniques focus on building skills in mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness. This approach to dialectical therapy helps individuals recognize patterns in thoughts and behaviors while learning practical coping strategies.
What does DBT stand for?
DBT stands for dialectical behavioral therapy, sometimes also referred to as dialectic behavioral therapy in informal usage. The term “dialectical behavior” refers to the idea of holding two truths at once, such as accepting oneself while also working toward meaningful change.
What are the 4 techniques of DBT?
The four core skill areas are mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness. These are commonly taught through structured dbt techniques and guided exercises. In structured programs, clinicians may use dbt therapy techniques and other dbt methods to help individuals apply these skills in real-life situations. Collectively, these are often referred to as dialectical behavioral therapy techniques and are included in most dbt treatment plan outlines.
How is DBT different from CBT?
While both DBT and CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) focus on thoughts and behaviors, dialectical behavior therapy places stronger emphasis on emotional regulation and distress tolerance. CBT primarily targets distorted thinking patterns, whereas DBT integrates acceptance-based strategies alongside change-focused interventions. This combination makes dialectical behavioral therapy particularly helpful for individuals who struggle with intense emotional responses.
What are the pros and cons of DBT therapy?
The pros and cons of DBT therapy depend on the individual’s needs. Benefits often include improved emotional regulation, reduced impulsive behavior, and stronger relationship skills. However, DBT can be structured and intensive, requiring consistent participation and practice outside of sessions.
Can DBT help with substance use or addiction?
Yes. DBT for substance abuse and dbt for substance use have been adapted to help individuals manage cravings and reduce relapse risk. Some programs specifically use dbt for addiction by incorporating coping skills into substance use recovery plans. These approaches build on the same foundation of dialectical behavior therapy techniques, while tailoring them to addiction treatment settings.
Who is DBT not recommended for?
DBT may not be the best fit for individuals who are unwilling to participate in structured skills training or regular therapy sessions. Because dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) relies on active engagement and practice, commitment to the process is important for meaningful results.
How do DBT therapists help people who struggle with self-harm and emotional dysregulation?
DBT was designed to support people who feel overwhelmed by intense emotions and who may turn to harmful behaviors to cope. Therapists use DBT to address mental health conditions such as personality disorders, depression, or substance use by helping clients identify patterns that fuel self-harm. Through structured skills training in mindfulness, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness, clients learn healthier strategies for managing crises and building stability in daily life.
Can DBT skills support couples therapy and personal growth together?
While DBT is most often applied in individual therapy, its principles can also be valuable in couples work. Partners who struggle with conflict, impulsive behaviors, or difficulty managing emotions can benefit from strategies that improve communication and encourage mutual understanding. These same principles also support personal growth by helping each person recognize their own patterns and responses, creating space for healthier relationships and greater self-awareness.
What if I’m feeling stuck or dealing with substance use along with emotional challenges?
It’s common for people to seek DBT after feeling stalled in other types of therapy. For those also working through substance use, DBT offers a balanced approach that moves away from all-or-nothing thinking. Through skills training, DBT provides practical tools to manage cravings, navigate emotional challenges, and respond to setbacks with greater flexibility. These strategies can make long-term recovery from addiction and other mental health conditions feel more achievable and help restore a sense of control.
How does dialectical behavior therapy support adolescents and their families?
Helping adolescents learn to manage intense emotions early in life can reduce the risk of long-term emotional difficulties. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) programs for young people often focus on building skills in mindfulness, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness. Family members may also be included in the process so that the support continues outside of therapy sessions. Many providers blend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with DBT principles, giving teens practical tools to feel more grounded, connected, and capable of handling daily challenges.
Is DBT trauma-informed and culturally inclusive?
Our team of mental health professionals are committed to providing trauma-informed care, including prolonged exposure techniques when appropriate. We also take an anti-racist, culturally sensitive approach to treatment, making sure you and your family feel respected, heard, and safe throughout your care.
Contact Red Ribbon Recovery Indiana to start dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in Indiana
At Red Ribbon Recovery Indiana, we understand how overwhelming life can feel when emotions take over or old patterns keep you stuck. That’s why our comprehensive DBT program goes far beyond talk therapy—we offer real tools, real support, and real change.
Every part of your care is thoughtfully designed to help you manage distress, reduce emotional pain, and move toward meaningful personal growth. Whether you’re dealing with anxiety, depression, self-harm, or high-risk behaviors, you don’t have to go through it alone. Call us at (317) 707-9848 or contact us through our confidential online form to learn more about DBT therapy in Indiana.
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Admitting you have a substance abuse problem and asking for help is not always easy. If you or a loved one are struggling with drug addiction, alcohol addiction or another substance use disorder, help is available. You can visit SAMHSA’s National Helpline to learn about resources in your area or reach out to our team by calling (317) 707-9848 to explore personalized treatment.
- DBT is a comprehensive, skills-based approach balancing self-acceptance with commitment to meaningful, actionable life changes and recovery.
- Core DBT treatment includes individual therapy, group skills training (Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotion Regulation, Interpersonal Effectiveness), and real-time phone coaching.
- Engagement with DBT builds healthier coping mechanisms, reduces high-risk behaviors like self-harm, and establishes emotional stability for a better quality of life.
Reviews
Sources
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- Hernandez-Bustamante, E., De la Peña-Arriaga, L., Arango-de Montis, I., & Pérez-Pacheco, J. (2023). Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Cureus, 15(11), e49309. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10896753/
- U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2010). Twenty weeks of dialectical behavior therapy group skills training (NCT01193205). ClinicalTrials.gov. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01193205
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2014). Trauma-informed care in behavioral health services (Treatment Improvement Protocol Series 57). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://library.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/sma14-4816.pdf
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- Kothgassner, O. D., Goreis, A., Robinson, K., Huscsava, M. M., & Schmahl, C. (2021). Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy for adolescent self-harm and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(9), 1017–1036. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33875025/
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About the content

Written by: Carli Simmonds. Carli Simmonds holds a Master of Arts in Community Health Psychology from Northeastern University. From a young age, she witnessed the challenges her community faced with substance abuse, addiction, and mental health challenges, inspiring her dedication to the field.

Medical reviewed by: Jodi Tarantino, LICSW. Jodi Tarantino is an experienced, licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) and Program Director with over 20 years of experience in Behavioral Healthcare. Also reviewed by the RRR Editorial team.
Red Ribbon Recovery is committed to delivering transparent, up-to-date, and medically accurate information. All content is carefully written and reviewed by experienced professionals to ensure clarity and reliability. During the editorial and medical review process, our team fact-checks information using reputable sources. Our goal is to create content that is informative, easy to understand and helpful to our visitors.
